mccrea



Jan.'9, 1923. LMLWZQ e. E. McCREA.

REENFOHQED CONCRETE SHIP. FILED APR. 29, I918.

WITNESS INVENTOR.

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A TTORNE Y5 Patented Jan. 9, 1923.

UNITE GEORGE LE MQCHEA, UTE Ulll'lILhhllD, GAlbIlilll-t-llllll...

Application. tiled April 529, 191.8.

To all whom it may concern Be it lrnown that l. .i

citizen oil the Unit/er. irltates, and a resid oi Oakland coiuity ot i-llanieda, and oil? California, ltiavc invented a certain new and useful. lbcen'lbrccd Concrete i'lhip, ot which the liollmring is a specifics The invci'ition relates to n crcte ships and particularly to a recnitorced concrete hull.

A11 object of the invention is to provide a reenl'orced concrete hull which posse. is inherent structural. strength and lfilitllFtQ lightness. 1.5 .ilnother object of the invention is to provide a recntorceiil. (lUllm'GbQ hull. barbie the properties cl? a built up beam in all directions.

A further object ot the invention is to provide a recniorced concrete hull having a double bottom of integral construction.

A further object oil. the invention is to provide an impervious concrete hull.

The invention possesses other advantaitures, some oil:' which, with. the tore ll be set forth at length in the fol-- lowing description where I. shall outline in full, that form of the invention which l have selected tor illustration. in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification. .lln said drawiigs l: have shown one term of the construction o'l my invention, but it to be llllflGl'SbOUll that I do not limit myself to such term, since the invention, as expressed in. the claims, may be embodied. in a plurality cl? 'lorins,

Referring to said drawings:

Figure l is a halt lTllClSl'llPS section ot a hull, showing the term of construction of my invention.

Figure 2 is a section taken on the line 2?) Fit 1.

*igure 3 is a plan View of: a portion of the bottom of the hull showing the arrange ment of the members prior to placing the concrete.

In accordance with my invention ll :torni the bottom and sides oil the hull of reenlorced concrete of cellular construction, thereby providing lightness and strength. The cellular construction produces a plural ity of intersecting reenter-cod concrete beams extending longitudinally and transversely in the bottom and sides of the hull, and these beams are perpendicular to the exterior sur face of the hull, producing a rigid and Serial U The cells 1)? shells "2 are prctcrrilily made of sheet ii an pltll scanned into pans ol. substantially rectangular shape p clerabliy with soniewlwt convex sides and welded. or otherwise secured together alongtheir edges to 1roduce tight containers or shells having (:OIIVGK sides, and are preferably coated with a water-proofing material, such asphalt or tar. The cells are arri'niged in s g iaced rela tion' in nn'allel longitudinal and transverse rows and are held troin the terms by suitable means, such as the metallic bars or ins 3, which also serve as reinforcement the concrete. By spacing the cells apart, a channel is provided between each two suc cessive cells, which forms the mold for the beam. Arranged in. the channels between the cells and preferably at the top and hot tern of the channels, are rein'torcin r members or bars l, which are arranged longitudinally and transversely and disposed parallcl to the outer surface ol. the hull, so that they occur alone the top and bottom of the beam, Per ienficular rein'lforciiu g members 5 are also arranged in the space formed by the intersection o'l. two channels. and in some instances these reinl'iorcingg members 5 er;- tend from. the wall ot the hull. The cells are special. tree) the inner and. outer terms, so that when the concrete is poured, it ills the spacesbetween the cells and between the cells and the itoi'i'ns, producing a cellular wall comprising an outer wall 6, an inner wall. 7 and longitudinal and transverse beams 8 and 9 connecting the inner and outer walls. By forming the cells convex, the beams are Oil greater cross section at the top and bottom than they are at the center, thereby producing a beam having the inaniinuni strength :tor a given weight. Where declrs or bulkheads are to be termed, the spacing oi. the cells along the line out the deck or bulkhead is increased, producing a beam of greater width and the reinforcing members 5 embedded in the intersections of the broader beams with the cross beanie, tend into the concrete of the declr or bulk head, securely tying these structures to the sides and bottom.

The bottom is impervious to water at those parts at which the shells are disposed and leakage can take place only through the beams, but on account of the depth of the beams leakage is prevented. The depth of the beams will vary with different sizes of hulls, but for ordinary hulls, I prefer to make them at least two feet deep. although this dimension may be varied.

The shells may have an internal diameter taken between any opposed walls thereof which is greater than one half the width of the wall. In the drawing the shells are .relatively large and produce large voids but the beams formed between the shells lend the necessary strength to the wall and thus I am able to use relatively materially less concrete without sacrificing strength.

I claim: 7

1. A monolithic ship hull having concrete sides and bottom molded about a layer of wholly spaced, closed shells arranged in transverse and longitudinal rows coextcnsive with the hull to form cellular bottom the sides.

2. A monolithic ship hull consisting of concrete sides and bottom molded about substantially cubical shells each spaced from the other in a layer like arrangement.

3. A- monolithic ship hull having concrete sides and bottom molded about substantially cubical shells each separated from the other in a layer-like arrangement, the cells having no diameter equal to the thickness of the side or bottom.

4. A monolithic cellular shi hull having concrete sides and bottom, a relnforcing fabrication embedded in the concrete, and an arrangement of individually spaced, closed shells forming a layer on the reinforcement and each individually cemented in place and encompassed by the concrete.

5. The method of producing a cellular, monolithic concrete ship hull, which consists of arranging shells in a layer conforming to the respective portion of the hull and spacing each shell from the others to form relatively narrow lateral spaces thereabout and then applying cementitious material to fully enclose the shells in a concretc body having a thickness over the ends about equal to the spacing of the shells.

6. The method of producing a cellular monolithic, concrete ship hull, consisting of fabricating a reinforcing system in conform ity with the hull structure, arranging closed. shells in spaced relation from each other on supporting ortions of the fabrication. and then embed ing the shells and fabrication in concrete.

7. The method of producing a cellular monolithic, concrete ship hull, consisting of fabricating a reinforcing system in com formity with the hull structure. arranging closed shells, of less diameter than the dc sired thickness of bull wall, in spaced relation from each other on supporting portions of the fabrication, and then embedding the shells and fabrication in concrete.

8. The method of roducing a cellular monolithic, concrete ship hull, consisting of fabricating a reinforcing system in conformity with the hull structure, arran ing closed, waterproofed shells in spaced re ation from each other on supportin ortion of the fabrication, and then embe ing the shells and fabrication in concrete.

9. The method of forming a cellular, concrete ship hull having transverse and longitudinal beam-like webs in the wall structure, which consists of molding the concrete to encompass lon itudinal and transverse rows of substantial cubical, relatively spaced bodies in a mol d.

10. A hull comprising a concrete wall and hollow metallic shells embedded in spaced relation to one another within said wall, each of said shells being convex on all of its faces.

In testimon whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at i an Francisco, California, this 22nd day of April, 1918.

GEORGE E. MCCREA.

In presence of- H. G. PROST. 

